Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are transforming how we understand and interact with pets. These technologies are paving the way for AI-powered embedded systems, IoT product engineering, and smart infrastructure solutions that improve animal safety, health monitoring, and human–pet communication. AI and ML for Behaviour Recognition AI and ML algorithms can analyze pet behaviours by identifying subtle patterns in movem

Introduction The Lorenz model, introduced by mathematician and meteorologist Edward Lorenz in the 1960s, marked a revolutionary step in understanding chaotic systems. Initially developed to simulate weather behavior, it revealed how tiny variations in initial conditions could lead to dramatically different outcomes—a phenomenon popularly known as the “butterfly effect.” This discovery reshaped how scientists and engineers view complex, dynamic systems, from weather patterns t