Introduction: Global supply chain slowdowns have become a recurring challenge for businesses across industries. Natural disasters, pandemics, and geopolitical tensions often cause disruptions that lead to delayed deliveries, inventory shortages, and reduced revenue. To maintain resilience and competitiveness, businesses must adopt digital transformation for infrastructure and integrate smart technology solutions that enhance visibility, agility, and decision-making across the

Introduction The Lorenz model, introduced by mathematician and meteorologist Edward Lorenz in the 1960s, marked a revolutionary step in understanding chaotic systems. Initially developed to simulate weather behavior, it revealed how tiny variations in initial conditions could lead to dramatically different outcomes—a phenomenon popularly known as the “butterfly effect.” This discovery reshaped how scientists and engineers view complex, dynamic systems, from weather patterns t